🦵 Section 718.2 · Popliteal Cysts (Baker Cysts)

Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 22nd Edition | Popliteal (Baker) cysts: simple cystic masses filled with gelatinous material located in the popliteal fossa. Usually arise from the gastrocnemius-semimembranosus bursa or via herniation of posterior joint capsule. Benign and self-limited in children. Transillumination positive. Ultrasound confirms simple cyst. Treatment: reassurance, observation. MRI if solid/complex or persistent to rule out intra-articular pathology (meniscal tear, OCD, JIA).

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📋 30 Clinical Scenarios — Popliteal (Baker) Cysts

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🩺 Clinical Recognition: Popliteal Cysts

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📋 Stepwise Management of Popliteal Cysts

🔑 Key Principles — Nelson Section 718.2
• Definition: Simple cystic mass in popliteal fossa, arising from gastrocnemius-semimembranosus bursa or herniation of posterior joint capsule.
• Presentation: Unilateral mass behind knee, often large when first noticed. Firm but compressible. Most prominent with knee extension. Transillumination positive (simple cyst).
• Imaging: Ultrasound confirms simple anechoic cyst. MRI if solid, complex, or if intra-articular pathology suspected (meniscal tear, OCD, JIA, infection).
• Treatment: Observation and reassurance — most resolve spontaneously over months to years. Rest and elevation. Aspiration/corticosteroid rarely needed. Surgical excision only if debilitating symptoms after extended conservative care.

    ⚡ Reflex Prompts — Clinical Decisions

    📖 Summary: Popliteal Cysts (Baker Cysts) — Nelson 718.2