๐Ÿฆ  Hepatitis B (HBV)

Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 22nd Edition โ€” Hepatitis B virus is a DNA virus (Hepadnaviridae). Perinatal transmission is the leading cause of chronic infection worldwide. Risk of chronicity: 90% (infants), 30% (1-5 years), <5% (adults). Universal infant vaccination + HBIG for HBsAg-positive mothers. Treatment: tenofovir, entecavir, peginterferon.

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๐Ÿ“‹ 30 Clinical Scenarios โ€” Hepatitis B

๐Ÿ“‡ Highโ€‘Yield Review Cards (Hepatitis B)

๐Ÿฉบ Clinical Presentations: Hepatitis B

Select a presentation for diagnostic clues and management.

๐Ÿ“‹ Stepwise Evaluation & Management of Hepatitis B

๐Ÿ”‘ Key Principles โ€” Hepatitis B (Nelson Ch.406)
โ€ข Serology: HBsAg (surface antigen) = infection. Anti-HBc IgM = acute. HBeAg = high infectivity. Anti-HBs = immunity (vaccination or recovery).
โ€ข Perinatal prevention: HBsAg-positive mother โ†’ infant receives HBIG + vaccine within 12 hours.
โ€ข Chronic infection phases: Immune tolerant (normal ALT, high HBV DNA) โ†’ immune active (elevated ALT, treat).
โ€ข Treatment for children: Tenofovir, entecavir (age โ‰ฅ2 years) or peginterferon (โ‰ฅ1 year).
โ€ข Monitoring: ALT, HBV DNA, HBeAg/anti-HBe, liver stiffness, HCC surveillance (AFP, ultrasound).

    โšก Reflex Prompts โ€” Hepatitis B Clinical Decisions

    ๐Ÿ“– Hepatitis B โ€” Core Summary (Nelson Ch.406)